Proteins, carbohydrates and fats are macronutrients, ‘macro-’ meaning we
require them in large amounts. These provide the body with energy,
measured in kilojoules or kilocalories2. Vitamins and
minerals are classed as micronutrients because they are only required in
small amounts. Water is also an essential macronutrient, as the volume
produced by the body through metabolic processes falls far short of the
amount we lose every day through perspiration, urine, faeces and
respiration.
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